Bio-Vision is a combination tablet containing micronutrients which are essential for maintaining healthy eyes and vision, and for preventing degenerative (age-associated) eye diseases. The preparation contains the following antioxidant substances: vitamin E, vitamin C, beta-carotene and lutein carotenoids, and bilberry-derived flavonoid anthrocyanosides.Tissues constituting the eye (i.e. lens, retina) are vulnerable to damage by free radicals, which are oxidising chemical species generated as toxic by-products of normal cell metabolism, as well as via exposure to ultra violet light. Antioxidant substances present in Bio-Vision protect against such free radical induced damage within the eye. Thus carotenoids, which are responsible for the red and yellow colouration of some fresh fruit and vegetables, have powerful antioxidant properties. Beta-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A, the role of which in night vision is well known. Lutein is a protective component of the macula, the light sensitive central region of the retina involved in vision targeting and colour perception.It is recommended to take two tablets daily (1 morning,1 evening, with meals) to provide the following intake of antioxidants: vitamin C 250mg, vitamin E 200IU, beta-carotene 7.5mg, bilberry extract 16mg, lutein 4mg, zinc 20mg, copper 1mg.During World War 2, RAF pilots reported that their night vision improved after eating preserves containing bilberry. These anecdotal reports led to the scientific investigation of bilberry extract for the treatment of a range of visual disorders. A number of studies have shown the efficacy of bilberry extract, alone or in combination with other antioxidants such as vitamin E, for inhibiting cataract formation or retinopathy. The formulation of Bio-Vision is based on a large scale (3500 patient), randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial which demonstrated impressive efficacy in inhibiting the development of age related macular degeneration. For maximum effectiveness, patients in this trial took the equivalent of 4 Bio-Vision tablets daily.There are no known interactions or contra-indications with Bio-Vision.